amiga-bootcamp/12_networking/protocols.md

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Protocol Implementation — DNS, TCP, UDP, WaitSelect

Overview

Working code examples for common network protocols on AmigaOS using bsdsocket.library. See TCP/IP Stacks for the architecture that makes this possible and how it differs from Unix.

Note

Amiga socket functions are library calls (via bsdsocket.library), not system calls. You must OpenLibrary("bsdsocket.library", ...) before using any socket function. Use CloseSocket() instead of close(), and Errno() instead of errno.

---

DNS Resolution

struct Library *SocketBase = OpenLibrary("bsdsocket.library", 4);
if (!SocketBase) return;

struct hostent *he = gethostbyname("www.amiga.org");
if (he)
{
    struct in_addr addr;
    CopyMem(he->h_addr, &addr, sizeof(addr));
    Printf("Host: %s\n", he->h_name);
    Printf("IP:   %s\n", Inet_NtoA(addr.s_addr));

    /* May have multiple addresses: */
    char **p;
    for (p = he->h_addr_list; *p; p++)
    {
        CopyMem(*p, &addr, sizeof(addr));
        Printf("  Addr: %s\n", Inet_NtoA(addr.s_addr));
    }
}
else
{
    Printf("DNS lookup failed\n");
}

CloseLibrary(SocketBase);

---

TCP Client

struct Library *SocketBase = OpenLibrary("bsdsocket.library", 4);
if (!SocketBase) return;

LONG sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock < 0) { Printf("socket() failed\n"); goto out; }

struct hostent *he = gethostbyname("www.example.com");
if (!he) { Printf("DNS failed\n"); goto close; }

struct sockaddr_in sa;
sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
sa.sin_port   = htons(80);
CopyMem(he->h_addr, &sa.sin_addr, he->h_length);

if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0)
{
    Printf("connect failed: %ld\n", Errno());
    goto close;
}

/* Send HTTP request: */
char req[] = "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: www.example.com\r\n\r\n";
send(sock, req, strlen(req), 0);

/* Receive response: */
char buf[4096];
LONG n;
while ((n = recv(sock, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, 0)) > 0)
{
    buf[n] = 0;
    Printf("%s", buf);
}

close:
    CloseSocket(sock);
out:
    CloseLibrary(SocketBase);

---

TCP Server

LONG listenSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

struct sockaddr_in sa;
sa.sin_family      = AF_INET;
sa.sin_port        = htons(8080);
sa.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

bind(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa));
listen(listenSock, 5);

Printf("Listening on port 8080...\n");

while (running)
{
    struct sockaddr_in clientAddr;
    LONG addrLen = sizeof(clientAddr);
    LONG clientSock = accept(listenSock,
                             (struct sockaddr *)&clientAddr,
                             &addrLen);
    if (clientSock >= 0)
    {
        Printf("Connection from %s\n",
               Inet_NtoA(clientAddr.sin_addr.s_addr));

        char response[] = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
                          "Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n"
                          "<h1>Hello from Amiga!</h1>\n";
        send(clientSock, response, strlen(response), 0);
        CloseSocket(clientSock);
    }
}

CloseSocket(listenSock);

---

UDP Datagram

LONG udpSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

/* Send: */
struct sockaddr_in dest;
dest.sin_family      = AF_INET;
dest.sin_port        = htons(9999);
dest.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.255");

char msg[] = "Hello UDP";
sendto(udpSock, msg, strlen(msg), 0,
       (struct sockaddr *)&dest, sizeof(dest));

/* Receive: */
char buf[1024];
struct sockaddr_in from;
LONG fromLen = sizeof(from);
LONG n = recvfrom(udpSock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0,
                   (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromLen);
buf[n] = 0;
Printf("From %s: %s\n", Inet_NtoA(from.sin_addr.s_addr), buf);

CloseSocket(udpSock);

---

WaitSelect — Combined Socket + GUI Event Loop

The key pattern for responsive Amiga network applications. WaitSelect simultaneously waits on sockets and Exec signals (windows, ARexx, timers) — no threads needed:

/* Set up signal masks: */
ULONG winSig  = 1 << window->UserPort->mp_SigBit;
ULONG ctrlSig = SIGBREAKF_CTRL_C;

fd_set readFDs;
struct timeval tv;

BOOL running = TRUE;
while (running)
{
    FD_ZERO(&readFDs);
    FD_SET(sock, &readFDs);
    tv.tv_secs  = 1;
    tv.tv_micro = 0;

    ULONG sigmask = winSig | ctrlSig;

    LONG result = WaitSelect(sock + 1, &readFDs, NULL, NULL,
                              &tv, &sigmask);

    /* Socket data ready? */
    if (result > 0 && FD_ISSET(sock, &readFDs))
    {
        LONG n = recv(sock, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
        if (n > 0)
        {
            /* process network data */
        }
        else
        {
            /* connection closed or error */
            running = FALSE;
        }
    }

    /* Window event? */
    if (sigmask & winSig)
    {
        struct IntuiMessage *imsg;
        while ((imsg = (struct IntuiMessage *)GetMsg(window->UserPort)))
        {
            switch (imsg->Class)
            {
                case IDCMP_CLOSEWINDOW:
                    running = FALSE;
                    break;
                /* ... handle other IDCMP events ... */
            }
            ReplyMsg((struct Message *)imsg);
        }
    }

    /* Ctrl-C? */
    if (sigmask & ctrlSig)
    {
        Printf("*** Break\n");
        running = FALSE;
    }
}

Tip

WaitSelect eliminates the need for multi-threading in most Amiga network apps. A single event loop handles sockets, GUI, timers, and ARexx simultaneously — simpler and safer than threads in a non-protected memory environment.

---

DHCP

DHCP is handled by the TCP/IP stack, not by applications. See TCP/IP Stacks for configuration. The standard sequence is:

1. DHCPDISCOVER — stack broadcasts on port 67
2. DHCPOFFER — server responds with IP offer
3. DHCPREQUEST — stack accepts
4. DHCPACK — server confirms; interface is configured

---

References

• bsdsocket.md — API reference and LVO table
• tcp_ip_stacks.md — stack architecture and configuration
• sana2.md — SANA-II driver layer